pretreatment steps for different ground materials                       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

steps steel stainless steel colored metals aluminium magnesium
hot degreasing x x x x x
pickling acid or alk. x (x)   x x
condition 1         x
condition 2         x
deoxidizeing       x  
zincate       x  
watt`s nickel       optional  
en - prenickel       optional  
electrol. copper       optional  
electrol. degreasing x x x    
neutralizeing x x x    
nickel strike   x x    
electroless nickel x x x x x
further layers possible possible possible possible possible

between the steps correspondingly rinsing

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